An Introduction to Religion in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

An Introduction to Religion in China - Essay Example Different communities had different beliefs, thus developing differing attitudes towards religion. This paper looks to demonstrate how the Chinese conception of religion in relation to their beliefs and practices. This paper will also seek to determine whether religion existed in China during pre-modern times and outline what might be at stake when the Chinese are asked these questions. In the ancient times in China, people lived in small villages and towns typically of up to one to one thousand residents. Their exposure to cultural horizons was not far much wide as almost all of them were illiterate. Any chance they had of learning about the tradition in the west or the outside world had to come in the type of songs and speeches in their native language. There is certainly no doubt that the people who lived in the same are all shared common practices and beliefs. However, other Chinese citizens in different locations across China also had their doctrines and practices that varied fr om others I one way or another. Despite of these differences that developed between these people, all their cultural beliefs were still regarded as Chinese. Vernacular ideologies explain why these cultural beliefs and practices were collectively shared. Similar language, customary laws and equivalent proverbs were also common. This coherence of similar cultural practices summed the Chinese beliefs and practices (DeBary, Lufrano & Chan 76).... A European traveler, Father Evariste Hue, who had spent quite a lot of time in China, was able to discern the progress that the Chinese were making. Presentations were still a common occurrence, and different social classes were beginning to emerge. The rich were gradually differentiating themselves from the poor but despite these developing differences, various kinds of rituals still retained their primary role in the symbolic heart of China. According to Hue, temples, family ceremonials and religious processions where springing up with almost the same accuracy as were the different kinds of rituals taking centre stage in china. It is noteworthy that the Chinese embraced religion with almost the same enthusiasm as they valued their beliefs. The Chinese incorporated their beliefs into religion. This is seen when they perform procedure gods. This script execution formed a means of communication between them and their gods (DeBary, Lufrano & Chan 97). Religion existed in China long bef ore they developed ties with the west though it is vital to mention that faith was developed further after China had developed ties with the west. Temples still existed in the pre-modern times. The presence of this temple shows there was some of the worship. Rituals were performed in these temples to communicate with the gods. These gods, the Chinese people believed had some super natural powers over them. This shows that though an inferior form of worship as compared to modern day religion, that the Chinese believed in religion long before meeting civilization from the west. The refining of fire ritual is one excellent example to show further prove to affirm that religion was already in china before civilization. This

Reward Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Reward Managment - Essay Example In case these requirements are satisfied, the company will be considered for tender negotiations that will be held after five years. The report considers the council expectations as the immediate business goals to be met and looks at means to drive the organization to achieve the goals. The company will need to re-look the processes and increase the focus on teamwork. The issues that are likely to hinder the ability of the company to gear up to these requirements lie in the tall hierarchical structure that operates at the plant and the remuneration structure both of which are unsuited to team effort. In addition, the workforce is associated with UNISON, a union with a large membership that has the capability to affect the ‘no service disruption’ expectation of the council in case of a conflict. The report further recommends ways to manage the changed method of working to reach the business goals. The report explores the various incentive schemes that may be considered an d chooses the appropriate options. It recommends a review of the existing pay structure and introduction of an incentive structure that recognizes team as well as individual output. Contents Executive summary 1 Introduction 3 Critical analysis and evaluation 5 Decision to rationalize operations 5 Remuneration structure 5 Organisation structure 5 Recommendations 6 Develop a reward strategy 6 Current pay structure 6 Incentives 7 Union and workforce perception management 8 Expected flashpoints with Unison 8 Bibliography 10 Introduction Refusenicks PLC is in the business of waste disposal and recycling that has a contract with Fellshore County Council. The Council has recently taken the decision to rationalize operations by shutting down 4 out of 6 waste disposal plants and selling the land for buildings and refurbishing two plants with sophisticated machinery. Refusenick must cater to the requirements of the council in order to be considered for tender negotiations to be held after 5 y ears. The requirements to be satisfied are: efficient disposal of waste appropriate management of environment and pollution no service disruption be a model employer These requirements lay the ground for arriving at business goals and consequently the design of business processes to reach them. The workforce that supports these requirements is headed by a Works Manager assisted by the Deputy Works Manager. They are in turn supported by two shift superintendents and deputy superintendents and 12 supervisors to oversee the work done by 75 operatives in a shift. The Works Manager also has a maintenance team that operates over the weekend. Waste processing was earlier conducted in 6 plants which is now curtailed to 2 with more automated processing. The earlier system operated on a 9-hour shift over a 5-day work week. The current system operates on three 8-hour shifts over a 5-day work week. The current financial remuneration components are: Base pay Unsocial hour allowance for the Works Manager and Deputy Works Manager Shift allowance from the level of Shift Superintendent and below Bonus is paid only at the level of the operative The salary ranges are below: Level Min Max Bonus Allowance Min Total p.a. Max Total p.a Works Manager 22512 24000 Â   1200 23712 25200 Deputy Works Manager 20295 21654 Â   1200 21495 22854 Shift Superintendent 17922 19656 Â   10% 19714.2 21621.6 Dy. Shift Superintendent 15675 17460 Â   10% 17242.5 19206 Supervisor 14363 15372 Â   10% 15799.3 16909.2 Operative 13550